Ukutshaja ngelixa uqhuba, uhlalutyo lobuchwephesha bokutshaja obuguqukayo kwizithuthi zombane

Ukutshaja kufana ne-bug yemoto yombane, kwaye ukuba ngenye imini, imoto yombane iyayisusa kwimfumba yokutshaja kwaye akufuneki ukuba ijonge imfumba yokutshaja, ukutshaja kulula kunokufaka i-refueling.

  Jonga apha wonke umntu kufuneka aqonde isihloko esiza kuxoxwa namhlanje, ukutshaja ngaphandle kwamacingo.Kodwa ngokungafaniyo nokutshaja okungenazingcingo okupakishwe kwindawo yokupaka, sithetha ngokutshaja ngelixa uqhuba.Ewe kunjalo, ikwanalo negama lezemfundo kakhulu, elibizwa ngokuba yitekhnoloji yokutshaja kwemoto yombane (DEVC).

 Khawufane ucinge ukuba iimoto zombane akufuneki zihlawulwe ngabom, zinokuphinda zitshajwe endleleni yonke imihla, kwaye izibonelelo zininzi.Okokuqala, ibhetri inokuthi "incitshiswe", kuba ingaba nanini na, naphi na ukuhlawula imoto, ngoko ke umthamo omkhulu webhetri awuyimfuneko, umthwalo wesithuthi uya kuhla.

  Okwesibini, ukutshaja akusafuneki ukuba ulinde, ngoku ukutshaja kwemoto yombane akunakulungela njengokugcwala kwilori yepetroli, kunye nokutshaja ngaphandle kwamacingo kunokuvulwa kwaye kuhlawulwe, kunciphise iindleko zexesha.Ekugqibeleni kusonjululwe ingxaki yoluhlu, uluhlu lwezithuthi zombane luyintambo engenazingcingo, ingxaki yexhala le-mileage ayikho.

  Ivakala njengombono olungileyo?Ngokwethiyori, akukho nzima ukuphumeza.Makhe siqale sijonge umgaqo wayo.

  Okokuqala, yintoni ukutshaja ngaphandle kwamacingo?

  Okanye uqale ngokutshaja ngaphandle kwamacingo.Siyazi ukuba ukutshaja ngaphandle kwamacingo kuxhomekeke kumhlaba wangoku kunye nemagnethi, kwaye umbane kunye nemagnethi zihlala zisenziwa kunye.

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Ngowe-1819, isazinzulu saseDenmark uOster saphawula ukuba ukuba kukho umsinga wombane ecingweni, kwakuza kuveliswa imagnethi elujikelezileyo.Kamva kwafunyaniswa ukuba umhlaba wemagnethi owenziwe ngokurhangqa ucingo kwindandatho, okanye nokuwusongela kwikhoyili, uya kuba namandla kwaye ugxininise ngakumbi, owaziwa ngokuba yimpembelelo yangoku magnetic.

Ngo-1831, uFaraday wafumanisa ukuba ukuba imagnethi okanye omnye umthombo wemagnethi wawusondele kwikhoyili ngaphandle kwangoku, i-induction current yenziwa kwikhoyili, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-electromagnetic induction.

  Ngoko ke indlela yokuvumela umbane kunye nemagnethi zisebenze, zizinzile ukuze zisinike okwangoku?

  Sidinga iikhoyili ezimbini ukunika amandla enye, kwaye ke kukho intsimi yamagnetic ejikeleze ikhoyili, kwaye emva koko sincike kwenye ikhoyili, kwaye ikhoyili inombane wombane.Eyangoku ibhengezwe kwibhetri kwaye intlawulo engenazingcingo igqityiwe.

Isetyenziswa kumhlaba weemoto, oku kukutshaja kwe-electromagnetic induction wireless.

  Sondla i-coil siton emhlabeni, kwaye njengoko ubungakanani bangoku kunye nesikhokelo sitshintsha, i-magnetic field ejikeleze ikhoyili yomelele kwaye ulwalathiso luyatshintsha, lwenza intsimi yemagnethi esebenzayo.Ikhoyili ye-chassis yesithuthi ikwintsimi yamagnetic eguqukayo, kwaye i-interactive current iveliswa ngaphakathi kwikhoyili, ephinda ihlaziywe ngoluhlu lweesekethe ukutshaja ibhetri.

  Okwesibini, kunyanzeliswe ngaphandle kokutshaja okungenazingcingo

  Ukutshaja okungenazingcingo kwe-Electromagnetic yitekhnoloji iinkampani ezinkulu zeemoto ezikhetha ukuyamkela kwinqanaba lokuqala lokufunda ukutshaja ngaphandle kwamacingo.

I-Mercedes-Benz, i-Audi, i-Volvo kunye nezinye iinkampani zeemoto ziphuhlise inani leemodeli zokutshaja ezingenazintambo zombane.

Kukho into efana ne-cushion kwindawo yokupaka, kodwa eneneni yeyona coil ephambili eyenza umhlaba wamagnetic.I-chassis yesithuthi esingasetyenziselwa ukutshaja ngaphandle kwamacingo iya kuba nayo ikhoyili, esiyibiza ngokuba yicoil yesibini, ukuvelisa ngoku.

  Kodwa ukutshaja kwe-electromagnetic induction wireless kune-drawback enkulu, oko kukuthi umgama.Olu buchule luhloselwe ukuvelisa okwangoku, kwaye iikhoyili ezimbini kufuneka "zinyanzeliswe ngokuqinileyo" ngokuchaseneyo, kwaye emva kokuba kukho ukuphambuka, okwangoku akuyi kuveliswa.

Ke itekhnoloji elolo hlobo ihlala ifuna itekhnoloji yokupaka ezenzekelayo yokupaka isithuthi phezu nje kwemethi yokutshaja engenazingcingo.

  Ivakala ngathi yingxaki, akunjalo?Imalunga nokwenza wonke umntu aziqhelanise nesingqi seVirgo plus obsessive compulsive disorder.

  Ke izazinzulu zisebenza kwenye itekhnoloji yokutshaja ngaphandle kwamacingo, ukutshaja kwemagnethi ngaphandle kwamacingo.Siyazi ukuba xa izinto ezimbini zisebenzisa ukungcangcazela okufanayo ngokupheleleyo, okanye zisenza amaza omoya athile, zinokutshintshiselana amandla enye kwenye.

  I-Magnetic field resonance, yeyona coil ephambili yokuvelisa ukungcangcazela okusisigxina kommandla wemagnethi, oko kukuthi, i-resonant magnetic field, emva koko i-coil magnetic field vibration frequency yesibini iyafana, ikhokelela kwi-resonance, kwaye ekugqibeleni ifezekise ukuhanjiswa kwamandla.

Ngo-2007, iqela le-MIT lalayita ngempumelelo ibhalbhu ye-60W 2m kude kunye ne-electromagnetic resonance.

  Kwicandelo leemoto, iToyota yazama ngo-2012 ngokongeza ikhoyili yesibini kwi-plug-in hybrid Prius engcangcazela ngamaxesha athile.Kukho intsimi yamagnetic kwindawo yokupaka, kwaye xa zonke zingcangcazela ngexesha elifanayo, i-coil yesibini iguqula i-current ye-resonant magnetic field.

  Amandla emveliso yale nkqubo yonikezelo lwamandla engenazingcingo yi-2kW.Ukusetyenziswa kwee-frequency bands yi-85kHz ekuvunyelwene ngayo ngamazwe ngamazwe, kunye nokuhanjiswa kwamandla okuphumelela malunga nama-80%.

  Kulo mfuniselo wokuqinisekisa, umgama phakathi kwentsimi yamagnetic evakalayo emhlabeni kunye nekhoyili yesibini ezantsi kwesithuthi malunga ne-15cm.Uluhlu oluphezulu oluvumelekileyo lokungalungelelaniswa okuthe tye ububanzi betayara (malunga ne-20cm).

  I-Qualcomm ikwazise inkqubo yokutshaja ngaphandle kwamacingo ebizwa ngokuba yiHalo, kodwa iphinde yahlala ekutshajini okungenazingcingo.

 Ukusebenzisa i-resonance ye-magnetic resonance yokuhanjiswa kwamandla phakathi kwendawo yokutshaja komhlaba kunye ne-pad yokutshaja isithuthi sombane, inkqubo yokutshaja inamandla ukuya kwi-20 kW kunye ne-bettery pack malunga ne-5h ye-85kWh ezaliswe yi-Tesla MODEL S P85.

  Okwesithathu, vumela imoto yombane ihambe

  Ukuba i-pad yokutshaja, okanye i-resonant magnetic field, ibekwe endleleni, isithuthi sinokukwazi ukuqaphela icala lokutshaja okuhambayo, ukususela ngoko ukuya kwi-pump yokutshaja.

NgoMeyi, uQualcomm ugqibezele uvavanyo lwendlela yokutshaja ngaphandle kwamacingo eParis esebenzisa iRenault all-electric Kangoo van.

Ezi moto zombane zimbini bezihamba ngesantya esahlukileyo kwindlela ye-100m ubude ngelixa zitshaja.Kuvavanyo, imoto yovavanyo lweKango ifikelele kwi-100km/h ngeyure kunye namandla aphezulu okutshaja angama-20kW.

 Uvavanyo lwendlela ye-100m ye-Qualcomm ibandakanya iiyunithi ezine zobonelelo lwamandla, ngalinye linoxanduva lokubonelela ngombane kwiindlela ezingama-25m.Kwangaxeshanye, icandelo ngalinye le-25m elide lamandla lineemodyuli ezili-14 ezineekhoyili kunye neesekethe zokuguqula amandla.

 Malunga neendleko, uphononongo olwenziwa yiRenault, iFrench Electric Power Company kunye neNorthern Highways Corporation icebisa ukuba iindleko zokwakha indlela yokutshaja eguquguqukayo zizigidi ezi-4 zeeuro ngekhilomitha (indlela yekhareji ezimbini) kwaye kunokuthiwa zibiza kakhulu.

  Ngoko iindlela "Ezixabisa kakhulu zegolide" zibonakala ngathi zezokuqala kuphela kwindlela yezothutho zikawonkewonke ethandwayo.EMzantsi Korea, iKorea Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) iye yakha indlela yokutshaja eguquguqukayo ye-12km kwisikhululo sikaloliwe kwisixeko esisezantsi saseKagosi, apho ibhasi yombane isetyenziselwa ukuyihlawulisa ngaphandle kwamacingo nge-resonance magnetic.

Xa sithetha ngamazwe angaphandle, uphando lwelizwe lethu malunga nokutshaja okuguquguqukayo okungenazingcingo alukho emva kwabantu.I-ZTE eyaziwa kakhulu, ibiseChongqing, eHubei nakwezinye iindawo ukwenza uvavanyo lomgca wokutshaja ngaphandle kwamacingo.

  Ukutshaja okuguquguqukayo okungenacingo kukwimeko yophando, kusekude nodumo oluxhaphakileyo.Cinga ngeengxaki ezininzi ezingakhange zisonjululwe, njengokuba ukuhambelana kwezithuthi kunokuhambelana, nokuba indlela ivuliwe okanye ivaliwe, ingaba umsinga wendlela unokulayisha izithuthi ezininzi ukuze zihlawule?Ezi zithintelo zokutshaja ezingenazingcingo, kodwa itekhnoloji ihlala ikwinkqubo yophuhliso oluqhubekayo, kholelwa kumandla obuchwepheshe, iingxaki zokutshaja ziya kuhlala zisonjululwa.Iimoto zombane azilophupha ukubiza xa zitshaja.

 

 

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Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-12-2020