Ịchaji dị ka ahụhụ maka ụgbọ ala eletrik, ma ọ bụrụ na otu ụbọchị, ụgbọ ala eletrik na-ekpochapụ ikpo ọkụ ma ghara ilegharị anya maka chaja chaja, chaja dị mfe karịa ịgbanye mmanụ.
Lee ebe a onye ọ bụla kwesịrị ịghọta isiokwu a ga-atụle taa, chaja ikuku.Mana n'adịghị ka chaja ikuku na-adọba n'ọdụ ụgbọ ala, anyị na-ekwu maka ịchaji mgbe ị na-anya ụgbọ ala.N'ezie, ọ nwekwara aha agụmakwụkwọ, nke a na-akpọ teknụzụ ụgbọ ala eletrik eletrik (DEVC).
Were ya na ụgbọ ala eletrik adịghị mkpa ka a kpachaara anya kwụọ ụgwọ, enwere ike ịgbanye ha n'okporo ụzọ kwa ụbọchị, uru ya dịkwa ukwuu.Nke mbụ, batrị nwere ike "belata", n'ihi na ọ nwere ike ịbụ oge ọ bụla, ebe ọ bụla iji kwụọ ụgwọ ụgbọ ala, ya mere nnukwu ikike batrị adịghị mkpa, ibu ụgbọ ala ga-adabakwa.
Nke abụọ, ịchaji adịghịzi mkpa ichere, ugbu a ịchaji ụgbọ ala eletrik enweghị ike ịdị mma dị ka mmanụ ụgbọala na-ebu mmanụ, na chaja ikuku nwere ike imeghe ma kwụọ ụgwọ, belata oge.N'ikpeazụ dozie nsogbu nke nso, eletriki ụgbọ ala nso bụ wireless lye, agbara nchegbu nsogbu adịghị adị.
Ọ dị ka ezi echiche?Na tiori, ọ naghị esiri ike itinye ya.Ka anyị buru ụzọ leba anya n’ụkpụrụ ya.
Nke mbụ, ikuku chaja bụ gịnị?
Ma ọ bụ malite na chaja ikuku.Anyị maara na chaja ikuku na-adabere na mpaghara ugbu a na magnetik, na ọkụ eletrik na magnetism na-emekarị ọnụ.
N’afọ 1819, ọkà mmụta sayensị Danish bụ́ Oster kwuru na ọ bụrụ na e nwere ọkụ eletrik na waya, a ga-emepụta ihe ndọta gburugburu ya.E mechara chọpụta na ebe ndọta a na-enweta site na ịgbanye waya na mgbanaka gburugburu, ma ọ bụ ọbụna kechie ya na eriri igwe, ga-esiwanye ike ma gbadokwa anya karịa, nke a maara dị ka mmetụta magnetik ugbu a.
N'afọ 1831, Faraday chọpụtara na ọ bụrụ na magnet ma ọ bụ isi iyi magnetik dị nso na eriri igwe na-enweghị ugbu a, a na-emepụta ihe ntinye nke ugbu a na eriri igwe, nke a maara dị ka induction electromagnetic.
Ya mere, otu esi ekwe ka ọkụ eletrik na magnetism na-arụ ọrụ, kwụsiri ike inye anyị ugbu a?
Anyị chọrọ eriri igwe abụọ iji mee ka otu, wee nwee oghere magnetik gburugburu eriri igwe, wee dabere na eriri igwe nke ọzọ, mgbe ahụ eriri igwe nwere ọkụ eletrik.A na-atụba ihe dị ugbu a n'ime batrị ma chaja ikuku zuru ezu.
Ejiri ya na mpaghara ụgbọ ala, nke a bụ chaja ikuku induction electromagnetic.
Anyị na-eri nri eriri siton n'elu ala, na dịka nha na ntụgharị ugbu a na-agbanwe, oghere magnetik gburugburu eriri igwe dị ike na ntụziaka ahụ na-agbanwe, na-eme ka oghere magnetik na-emekọrịta ihe.Eriri nke chassis ụgbọ ala ahụ nọ na mpaghara ndọta na-agbanwe mgbe niile, a na-emepụtakwa ikuku mmekọrịta n'ime eriri igwe, nke a na-emegharị site na usoro sekit iji chajịa batrị.
Nke abụọ, na-amanye pụọ na chaja ikuku na-agba egwu
Nchaji ikuku elektrọnik bụ teknụzụ nke nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ ala na-ahọrọ ịmalite na mmalite nke ịmụ chaja ikuku.
Mercedes-Benz, Audi, Volvo na ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ ala ndị ọzọ ewepụtala ọtụtụ ụdị chaja ikuku ikuku electromagnetic.
Enwere ihe dị ka ihe nkwụ n'ebe a na-adọba ụgbọala, mana ọ bụ n'ezie eriri igwe na-emepụta oghere magnetik.Chassis nke ụgbọ ala enwere ike iji chaja ikuku ga-enwekwa eriri igwe, nke anyị na-akpọ eriri nke abụọ, iji mepụta ugbu a.
Mana chaja ikuku induction electromagnetic nwere nnukwu ndọghachi azụ, ya bụ anya.Ezubere usoro a iji mepụta ugbu a, na eriri abụọ ahụ ga-abụrịrị “adụkọta nke ọma” na-emegide ya, ozugbo enwere mgbanwe, agaghị eme ugbu a.
Ya mere, teknụzụ dị otú ahụ na-achọkarị teknụzụ na-adọba ụgbọala na-akpaghị aka iji dọba ụgbọ ala dị n'elu akwa chaja ikuku.
Ọ dị ka nsogbu, ọ bụghị ya?Ọ bụ maka ime ka onye ọ bụla na-eme uda nke Virgo gbakwunyere ọrịa mkparị.
Ya mere, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na-arụ ọrụ na teknụzụ chaja ikuku ọzọ, magnetik field resonance wireless chaja.Anyị maara na mgbe ihe abụọ na-eji otu ịma jijiji kpam kpam, ma ọ bụ na-emegharị n'otu oge, ha nwere ike ịgbanwe ike nke ibe ha.
Igwe ndọta magnetik, bụ isi eriri igwe na-emepụta ụda ugboro ugboro nke oghere ndọta, ya bụ, oghere ndọta resonant, mgbe ahụ, ugboro ugboro nke eriri magnetik nke abụọ bụ otu, na-ebute resonance, ma mechaa nweta nnyefe ike.
N'afọ 2007, ndị otu MIT na-amụnye ọkụ ọkụ 60W dị 2m site na resonance electromagnetic.
Na ngalaba ụgbọ ala, Toyota nwalere na 2012 site n'ịgbakwunye eriri nke abụọ na ngwakọ ngwakọ Prius nke na-ama jijiji n'oge ụfọdụ.Enwere oghere ndọta resonant na ebe a na-adọba ụgbọala, mgbe ha niile na-ama jijiji n'otu oge, eriri igwe nke abụọ na-atụgharị ugbu a nke oghere ndọta resonant.
Ike mmepụta nke sistemu ọkụ ikuku ikuku bụ 2kW.Ojiji nke eriri ugboro bụ 85kHz nke mba ụwa kwenyere, yana arụmọrụ nnyefe ike dị ihe dịka 80%.
N'ime nnwale nkwenye a, anya dị n'etiti oghere magnetik resonant na ala na eriri nke abụọ dị na ala nke ụgbọ ala ahụ bụ ihe dịka 15cm.Oke kacha mma maka ngbanwe kwụ ọtọ bụ obosara taya (ihe dịka 20cm).
Qualcomm ewebatala sistemụ chaja ikuku akpọrọ Halo, mana ọ nọrọla na chaja ikuku kwụ ọtọ.
N'iji mmetụta resonance magnetik maka nnyefe ike n'etiti pad na-akwụ ụgwọ ala na ụgbọ ala eletrik, usoro ịchaji nwere ike ruo 20 kW na batrị batrị nke ihe dịka 5h maka 85kWh jupụtara Tesla MODEL S P85.
Nke atọ, ka ụgbọ ala eletrik na-agagharị
Ọ bụrụ na etinyere pad chaja, ma ọ bụ oghere ndọta resonant, n'okporo ụzọ, ụgbọ ala ahụ nwere ike ịghọta akụkụ nke chaja na-agba ọsọ, site na mgbe ahụ gawa n'ihu na ikpocha chaja.
N'ọnwa Mee, Qualcomm mezuru ule chaja ikuku siri ike na Paris site na iji ụgbọ ala Kangoo nke Renault niile.
Ụgbọ ala eletrik abụọ ahụ nọ na-agba ọsọ dị iche iche n'okporo ụzọ dị ogologo 100m ka ha na-akwụ ụgwọ.N'ime ule ahụ, ụgbọ ala nnwale nke Kango ruru 100km / h kwa elekere na ike ịchaji kacha nke 20kW.
Nnwale okporo ụzọ 100m dị ogologo nke Qualcomm nwere nkeji anọ na-enye ọkụ, nke ọ bụla na-ahụ maka ịnye ọkụ eletrik n'okporo ụzọ 25m.N'otu oge ahụ, akụkụ ume ogologo 25m ọ bụla nwere submodules 14 nwere eriri na ntụgharị ntụgharị ike.
Banyere ọnụ ahịa, otu nnyocha nke Renault, The French Electric Power Company na Northern Highway Corporation na-atụ aro na ọnụ ahịa nke iwu okporo ụzọ chaja dị ike bụ nde euro 4 kwa km (ụzọ abụọ) na enwere ike ịsị na ọ dị oke ọnụ.
Ya mere okporo ụzọ "Golden Expensive" yiri ka ọ bụ naanị nke mbụ n'okporo ụzọ njem ọha na-ewu ewu.Na South Korea, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) arụla okporo ụzọ chaja dị ogologo 12km n'ọdụ ụgbọ okporo ígwè dị na ndịda obodo Kagosi, ebe a na-eji ụgbọ ala eletrik na-ebugharị ya na ikuku magnetik.
N'ikwu okwu banyere mba ndị ọzọ, nyocha obodo anyị na chaja ikuku ikuku adịghị n'azụ ndị mmadụ.ZTE a ma ama nke ọma, anọwo na Chongqing, Hubei na ebe ndị ọzọ iji mee nnwale ngosi chaja ikuku.
Nchaji ikuku ikuku ka dị na steeti nyocha, ka dị anya site na ewu ewu zuru ebe niile.Chee echiche banyere ọtụtụ nsogbu ndị a na-edozibeghị, dị ka ma ndakọrịta nke ụgbọ ala nwere ike ịdị na-agbanwe agbanwe, ma ụzọ na-emeghe ma ọ bụ mechie, ma ugbu a nke okporo ụzọ nwere ike ibu ọtụtụ ụgbọ ala iji chaja?Ndị a bụ ụzọ mgbochi chaja chaja ikuku, mana teknụzụ na-aga n'ihu na mmepe na-aga n'ihu, kwere na ike teknụzụ, a ga-edozi nsogbu chaja mgbe niile.Ụgbọ ala eletrik anaghị abụ nrọ ịchaji mgbe ị na-ebufe.
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Oge nzipu: Jun-12-2020